Building a garage or a carport in Brussels is subject to specific planning rules. Depending on its size and location, you may or may not need a permit.
Do you need a permit for a garage or carport?
As a general rule, building a closed garage requires a planning permit, because it is a new building or a change to the built volume. A carport (open structure) can, in some limited cases, be exempt.
When no permit is needed
The Order of 13 November 2008 (works exempt from a permit) provides that a detached outbuilding not used as a dwelling is exempt from planning permission if:
- It is located in the courtyard and garden area
- Its floor area (ground projection, roof included) does not exceed 9 m²
- Its height does not exceed 3 m
- It stays within the 45° plane in relation to the party walls
In practice, this exemption rarely covers a standard garage (often > 9 m²). A very small carport could qualify. For any larger project, a permit is required.
Do you need an architect?
If a permit is required and the construction involves structural work (foundations, load-bearing walls), an architect is mandatory. For a simple carport structure with no structural issues, an exemption from the architect requirement is possible.
Applicable RRU rules
The RRU (Regional Urban Planning Regulation) sets the following rules:
- Courtyard and garden area: 50% of the surface must remain permeable
- Front setback area: building is generally not allowed in the front setback area
- Party walls: respect the required distances and the 45° plane
- Height and footprint: stay within the permitted building envelope
Steps
- Check whether your project meets the exemption criteria (9 m², 3 m in height)
- If a permit is required, contact your municipality’s planning department
- Hire an architect if required
- Submit your permit application